Statement vs PreparedStatement vs CallableStatement

PreparedStatement

It is used for executing parameterized sql queries. The performance of PreparedStatement is better than the Statement when used for multiple execution of same query. Further, PreparedStatement’s query is compiled only once.

try {
    PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement("update emp set name = ? where id = ?");
    preparedStatement.setInt(1, "Adam");
    preparedStatement.setString(2, 143);

    int i = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
    connection.close();
} catch(Exception e) {
    System.out.println(e);
}

Statement

This interface is preferred if you are executing a particular SQL query only once. The performance of this interface is less compared to other two interfaces. Statement interface is used for DDL statements like create, alter, drop etc.

try {
    Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
    statement.executeUpdate("create table emp(id number not null, name varchar not null)");
    connection.close();
} catch(Exception e) {
    System.out.println(e);
}

CallableStatement

CallableStatement extends PreparedStatement and are used to execute the stored procedure. There are three types of parameters that can be passed to stored procedures viz in (used for holding values to stored procedure), out(used for holding the result returned by the stored procedure) and in out (acts as both in and out parameter).

Before calling the stored procedure, you must register out parameters using registerOutParameter() method of CallableStatement. As CallableStatement calls the stored procedures which are already compiled and stored in the database server, it has higher performance.

CallableStatement callableStatement = connection.PrepareCall("{call myProcedure(?, ?, ?)}");
callableStatement.execute();
connection.close();